{"id":4210,"date":"2015-10-09T11:02:57","date_gmt":"2015-10-09T09:02:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/project\/physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae-2\/"},"modified":"2022-12-21T18:33:27","modified_gmt":"2022-12-21T17:33:27","slug":"physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/en\/project\/physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae\/","title":{"rendered":"Physiology, morphology and phenology of seed dormancy-break and germination in the endemic Iberian species Narcissus hispanicus (Amaryllidaceae)"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"> \n#cmsms_row_69f0c36b013e7 .cmsms_row_outer_parent { \n\tpadding-top: 0px; \n} \n\n#cmsms_row_69f0c36b013e7 .cmsms_row_outer_parent { \n\tpadding-bottom: 50px; \n} \n\n\n#cmsms_button_69f0c36b0172f { \n\ttext-align:center; \n} \n\n#cmsms_button_69f0c36b0172f .cmsms_button:before { \n\tmargin-right:.5em; \n\tmargin-left:0; \n\tvertical-align:baseline; \n} \n\n#cmsms_button_69f0c36b0172f .cmsms_button { \n\tfont-weight:100; \n\tfont-style:normal; \n\tpadding-right:20px; \n\tpadding-left:20px; \n} \n#cmsms_button_69f0c36b0172f .cmsms_button:hover { \n} \n<\/style><div id=\"cmsms_row_69f0c36b013e7\" class=\"cmsms_row cmsms_color_scheme_default\">\n<div class=\"cmsms_row_outer_parent\">\n<div class=\"cmsms_row_outer\">\n<div class=\"cmsms_row_inner\">\n<div class=\"cmsms_row_margin\">\n<div class=\"cmsms_column one_first\">\n<div class=\"cmsms_text\">\n<h2>Abstract<\/h2>\n<div id=\"sec-1\" class=\"subsection\">\n<p id=\"p-1\"><strong>Background and Aims<\/strong> Only very few studies have been carried out on seed dormancy\/germination in the large monocot genus <em>Narcissus<\/em>. A primary aim of this study was to determine the kind of seed dormancy in<em>Narcissus hispanicus<\/em> and relate the dormancy breaking and germination requirements to the field situation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sec-2\" class=\"subsection\">\n<p id=\"p-2\"><strong>Methods<\/strong> Embryo growth, radicle emergence and shoot growth were studied by subjecting seeds with and without an emerged radicle to different periods of warm, cold or warm plus cold in natural temperatures outdoors and under controlled laboratory conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sec-3\" class=\"subsection\">\n<p id=\"p-3\"><strong>Key Results<\/strong> Mean embryo length in fresh seeds was approx. 1\u00b731 mm, and embryos had to grow to 2\u00b721 mm before radicle emergence. Embryos grew to full size and seeds germinated (radicles emerged) when they were warm stratified for 90 d and then incubated at cool temperatures for 30 d. However, the embryos grew only a little and no seeds germinated when they were incubated at 9\/5, 10 or 15\/4 \u00b0C for 30 d following a moist cold pre-treatment at 5, 9\/5 or 10 \u00b0C. In the natural habitat of <em>N. hispanicus<\/em>, seeds are dispersed in late May, the embryo elongates in autumn and radicles emerge (seeds germinate) in early November; however, if the seeds are exposed to low temperatures before embryo growth is completed, they re-enter dormancy (secondary dormancy). The shoot does not emerge until March, after germinated seeds are cold stratified in winter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sec-4\" class=\"subsection\">\n<p id=\"p-4\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong> Seeds of <em>N. hispanicus<\/em> have deep simple epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), with the dormancy formula C<sub>1b<\/sub>B(root) \u2013 C<sub>3<\/sub>(epicotyl). This is the first study on seeds with simple MPD to show that embryos in advanced stages of growth can re-enter dormancy (secondary dormancy).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Dormancy break, embryo growth, epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy, germination, <em>Narcissus hispanicus<\/em>, phenology secondary, dormancy shoot emergence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"cmsms_button_69f0c36b0172f\" class=\"button_wrap\"><a href=\"http:\/\/aob.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/107\/6\/1003.short\" class=\"cmsms_button\" target=\"_blank\">Link to the article<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4208,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"pj-categs":[79],"pj-tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Physiology, morphology and phenology of seed dormancy-break and germination in the endemic Iberian species Narcissus hispanicus (Amaryllidaceae) - Instituto Bot\u00e1nico<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/en\/project\/physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Physiology, morphology and phenology of seed dormancy-break and germination in the endemic Iberian species Narcissus hispanicus (Amaryllidaceae) - Instituto Bot\u00e1nico\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/en\/project\/physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Instituto Bot\u00e1nico\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-21T17:33:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Captura-de-pantalla-2015-10-09-a-las-11.02.23.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"563\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"749\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/en\/project\/physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/botanico.uclm.es\/en\/project\/physiology-morphology-and-phenology-of-seed-dormancy-break-and-germination-in-the-endemic-iberian-species-narcissus-hispanicus-amaryllidaceae\/\",\"name\":\"Physiology, morphology and phenology of seed dormancy-break and germination in the endemic Iberian species Narcissus hispanicus (Amaryllidaceae) - 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